Definitions
B12 is a vitamin; NAD+ is a different molecule
Vitamin B12 helps the body make red blood cells, supports nerves, and is obtained from foods, supplements, or prescription products when needed. NAD+ is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in cellular energy pathways. Peptide12 lists NAD+ in longevity formats, but NAD+ is not vitamin B12 and should not be marketed as a universal energy replacement for diagnosis-first care.
- A clinician may consider B12 testing when fatigue is paired with anemia risk, neuropathy symptoms, dietary restriction, gastrointestinal surgery, metformin or acid-reducing medicine use, or other risk factors.
- NAD+ discussions should focus on route, evidence limits, pharmacy quality, side-effect expectations, supplement overlap, and whether a more basic medical evaluation should come first.
- Neither option should be used to cover up severe, sudden, persistent, or unexplained symptoms without appropriate medical review.